AP: Josh Leder-- A groundbreaking agreement struck by the United States and China is putting the world's two worst polluters on a faster track to curbing the heat-trapping gases blamed for global warming. With the clock ticking on a worldwide climate treaty, the two countries are seeking to put their troubled history as environmental adversaries behind them in hopes that other nations will be spurred to take equally aggressive action.
The U.S., a chief proponent of the prospective treaty, is setting an
ambitious new goal to stop pumping as much carbon dioxide into the air.
China, whose appetite for cheap energy has grown along with its
burgeoning economy, agreed for the first time to a self-imposed deadline
for when its emissions will top out.
The dual announcements from President Barack Obama and Chinese
President Xi Jinping, unveiled Wednesday in Beijing, came as a shock to
environmentalists who had pined for such action but suspected China's
reluctance and Obama's weakened political standing might interfere. In
Washington, Republicans were equally taken aback, accusing Obama of
dumping an unrealistic obligation on the next president.
In fact, the deal had been hashed out behind the scenes for months. U.S. officials said U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry floated the idea during a visit to China in February, and Obama followed up by writing Xi in the spring to suggest that the world's two largest economies join forces.
Obama pressed the issue again during a meeting with China's vice
premier on the sidelines of a U.N. climate summit in September, and the
two countries finally sealed the deal late Tuesday - just in time to
announce it in grand fashion at the Great Hall of the People as Obama's
trip to China was coning to an end.
"This is a major milestone in the U.S.-China relationship," Obama
said, with Xi at his side. "It shows what's possible when we work
together on an urgent global challenge."
Under the agreement, Obama set a goal to cut U.S. emissions between
26 and 28 percent by 2025, compared with 2005 levels. Officials have
said the U.S. is already on track to meet Obama's earlier goal to lower
emissions 17 percent by 2020, and that the revised goal meant the U.S.
would be cutting pollution roughly twice as fast during a five-year
period starting in 2020.
China, whose emissions are growing as it builds new coal plants, set a
target for its emissions to peak by about 2030 - earlier if possible -
with the idea being that its emissions would then start falling.
Although that goal still allows China to keep pumping more carbon
dioxide for the next 16 years, it marked an unprecedented step for
Beijing, which has been reluctant to be boxed in on climate by the
global community.
"This is, in my view, the most important bilateral climate
announcement ever," said David Sandalow, a former top environmental
official at the White House and the Energy Department.
World leaders who have been pressing for a global climate treaty
heralded the deal, with U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urging all
other nations to follow Obama's and Xi's lead by announcing their own
emissions targets by early next year. Former Vice President Al Gore, a
prominent environmentalist, called the Chinese move "a signal of
groundbreaking progress from the world's largest polluter."
Scientists have pointed to the budding climate treaty, intended to be
finalized next year in Paris, as a final opportunity to get emissions
in check before the worst effects of climate change become unavoidable.
The goal is for each nation to pledge to cut emissions by a specific
amount, although negotiators are still haggling over whether those
contributions should be binding.
Developing nations like India and China have long balked at being on
the hook for climate change as much as wealthy nations like the U.S.
that have been polluting for much longer. But China analysts said
Beijing's willingness to cap its future emissions and to put Xi front
and center signaled a significant turnaround.
Yet it wasn't clear how either the U.S. or China would meet their
goals, nor whether China's growing emissions until 2030 would negate any
reductions in the U.S. And in Washington, Republicans were sure to
launch a renewed effort to block Obama's plans out of concern they could
overly burden U.S. businesses and taxpayers.
"This unrealistic plan that the president would dump on his successor
would ensure higher utility rates and far fewer jobs," said Sen. Mitch
McConnell, R-Ky., who is set to become the majority leader early next
year.
For Obama, the fight against climate change has become a central
facet of the legacy he hopes to leave. Facing negligible prospects for
major legislative victories during his final two years, he has sought to
bypass Congress by using regulations on power plants and vehicles to
cut emissions, and his aides say his audacity on those fronts has
boosted his credibility on the issue when he meets with world leaders.
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